Advances in Understanding the Pathogenesis: Bacterial Surface Glycans as The Virulence Factor and Role in Pathogen Bacteria

Bacterial glycans are essential components of bacterial walls and crucially important cell surface antigens such as lipopolysaccharide polysaccharide capsules, which act virulence-causing factors. Polysaccharide capsules in bacteria naturally composed recurring oligosaccharides lipopolysaccharides. LPS is domains that hydrophobic nature known lipid A or endotoxin, a nonrepeating oligosaccharide "core", an O-antigen. Interaction glycan-receptor critical pattern recognition microorganisms regulatory signals perform regular immune activities. The true glycan structure for collaboration with the system host, demonstrated by produce polycarbohydrates mimic host particles order to evade immunity host. Certain circumvent antibody defences molecularly mimicking structures masquerade "self" avoid identification system. Phages most prevalent biological entities on our planet, they evolved glycan-binding proteins (GBPs) bind glycans. These charge breakdown antibodies impervious harsh conditions where live example, gut mammals, water, soil. In increase contact glycans, phages manufacture multimeric proteins.